Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Role Of Entrepreneurs For Promoting Agribusiness - 1659 Words

ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS IN PROMOTING AGRIBUSINESS IN INDIA 1Mr. Raghavendra Hajgolkar, ICSSR Doctoral Fellow, Department of Studies in Economics, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi - 591156 (Karnataka), India. Email: raghvendra59@gmail.com 2Dr. Talwar Sabanna, Professor and Dean, School of Business and Economics, Department of Studies in Economics, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi-591156 (Karnataka), India. ABSTRACT Commercialization of agriculture is possible by performing agribusiness activities. Entrepreneurial extension is now indispensable and has to perform different roles of promoting production, processing, value addition, trade and marketing. Agribusiness is a generic term that refers to the various businesses involved in†¦show more content†¦Keywords: Agribusiness, Youth, Entrepreneurship Development, Enterprise, Marketing INTRODUCTION India is an agriculture based country since ancient time which is considered as the backbone of our economy and the agrarian sector contributes substantially to the GDP of India. Around seventy per cent of the Indian population and more than fifty per cent of the total work force still depends on agriculture and allied areas for live hood, agriculture meets the basic needs of India’s growing population. Today, agriculture has achieved commercial importance and changed from subsistence farming to commercial farming, import oriented to export oriented sector, supply driven technology to demand driven technology etc. New inputs and new technologies are hitting market every day. In the developed countries, agribusiness is defined as the total output arising from farm production and product processing at both pre- and post-farm gate levels. In developing countries like India, agribusiness is a generic term that refers to the various businesses involved in food production, including farming and contract farming, seed supply, agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing, marketing, and retail sales. Agribusiness is widely used simply as a convenient portmanteau of agriculture and business, referring to the range of activities and disciplines encompassed by modern food production. Hence agribusiness can be defined as science and practice ofShow MoreRelatedDevelopment Role of Rbi1196 Words   |  5 PagesThis role is, perhaps, the most unheralded aspect of our activities, yet it remains among the most critical. The Reserve Bank is one of the few central banks that has taken an active and direct role in supporting developmental activities in their country. The Reserve Bank’s developmental role includes -ensuring credit to productive sectors of the economy, Read MoreAgro -Based Industrial Development in Bangladesh2967 Words   |  12 Pages5.2 Grains †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..05 5.3 Livestock †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5-6 5.4 Fisheries†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 5.5 Horticulture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 6. Agribusiness Credit Fund†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 7. The USAID Agro-based Industries and Technology Development Projects – ATDP I and now ATDP II†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 8. Early Success in Agro processing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreRole of Financial Institutions and the Central Bank in Kenya1905 Words   |  8 PagesQuestion 1: Briefly explain role of the following Financial Institutions in the economic development of Kenya: a) Kenya Industrial Estates: Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited was established in 1967 as a subsidiary of Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) with a major role of promoting indigenous entrepreneurship by financing and developing small scale and micro enterprises. KIE Limited was established to facilitate development and incubation of micro, small and medium enterprisesRead MoreSme in Philippines3578 Words   |  15 PagesMedium-scale Enterprises plays an important role in economic development worldwide. Many developing countries in fact have placed Small and medium enterprise development and promotion on top of their economic agenda. With the failure of past industrialization policies favoring large enterprises to stimulate wide-ranging development, SMEs are being given renewed emphasis as engines of economic growth, employment potential and poverty alleviation. SMEs play an important role particularly in industrial productionRead MoreHow Sm Jaleel Went Global12239 Words   |  49 Pagesidentified in the Bibliography. I Acknowledgements This document was put together with the assistance of many persons and entities. Sincere thanks are due to the following individuals and companies / institutions: Allister Glean : Caribbean Agribusiness Association (CABA) Barry Joefield : Ministry of Agriculture, Land Marine Resources Brian Tangwell : EXIMBANK C. Williams : Ministry of Agriculture, Land Marine Resources Carol Brown : Carol’s Delights Customs Excise Division Damian CastagneRead MoreAgriculture Is Africa s Backbone And Holds Tremendous Potential As An Engine For Future Growth2220 Words   |  9 Pagesgrowth and job creation in the continent. The sector employs 65-70% of the African workforce and accounts for roughly a third of the continent’s GDP. Women make up more than half of Africa’s farmers and produce about 90% of the continent’s food. Promoting agricultural production is widely regarded as one of the most effective ways to drive inclusive growth and reduce poverty. The experience of countries like Ghana and Uganda over the past decade provides powerful demonstration of the positive impactRead MoreHorticulture: Agriculture and Post Harvest M anagement3265 Words   |  14 Pagestechnological infusion like micro-irrigation, precision farming, greenhouse cultivation, and improved post harvest management impacting the development, but during the process various issues have emerged. Role of Banks in development of this sector: Institutional finance has a prominent role to play to meet the fund requirement for strengthening the supply base of horticulture and plantation sector. The credit requirement under this sector during the X plan period has been assessed as Rs.18, 420Read MoreKfc: Chinas Favorite Chicken Essay examples2896 Words   |  12 Pagessystem whereby selling his secret recipe to restaurants that commit to follow it strictly. This is how the business of Colonel Sanders, as he is known, began to become a major fast food chain â€Å"Kentucky Fried Chicken†. KFC now plays an important role in the world as far as fast food is concerned. And it is in China where he obtained his greatest triumph, covering over 40% of the fast food market. However, this victory was costly. In 1973, when KFC first entered Hong Kong, it misjudged the localRead MoreOrganic Food4050 Words   |  17 Pagespackaged food items are sold in small containers to keep pricing low example is here Natural Mantra †¢ Started  November 2011 †¢ Investment  Rs 10 lakh †¢ Working with  NGOs and other social entrepreneurs who make natural and organic products †¢ Social Impact  Besides promoting eco friendly products, creating a window for others to sell *** Where would you go for bright lipsticks made with honey,  ghee  and  kokum  butter? Or mosquito repellent diffusers with peppermint, citronellaRead MoreEntrepreneurship in Pakistan20067 Words   |  81 PagesAdministrations Unfriendly to Small and Trading Businesses 24 (e) Poor Legal Framework 25 (f) Lack of Trust and Social Capital 25 (g) The Constraint of Financing 26 (h) Why There is No Consolidation? 26 4 Page 7. Conclusion 27 (a) Reinventing the Role of Govern ment and Ensuring Rule of Law 27 (b) Removing the Instruments of Rent-seeking 28 (c) A New Growth Strategy 28 (d) Building Growth Cities 29 (e) Identifying ‘Lemons’ 30 (f) Releasing the Energy of the Domestic Sector 31 Annexures 33

Monday, December 23, 2019

The Illegal Use of PCP and Its Effects on the Body Essay...

1. What ´s PCP? 2. Alzheimer’s Disease 1. What is PCP? Phencyclidine, or PCP, was synthesized in 1926 and used in the 1950s to act as a surgical anesthetic. However, it was retired in 1960s due to significant side effects including delusion, emotional trauma and acutely irrational behavior. It now sees illegal use as an extremely potent and dangerous hallucinogenic drug. It is generally ingested either orally or through the nose and its sedative effects take hold extremely quickly. PCP takes the form of a white, readily soluble powder crystalline in nature. It has It has been classified as being a hallucinogen, dissociative anesthetic, psychotomimetic, and sedative-hypnotic.†¦show more content†¦The resulting high dopamine levels are responsible for the hallucination, dissociation and psychosis within reactions to PCP. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/autonomic.gif Diagram of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems. Note the effects of the Parasympathetic system, unfortunately blocked by PCP. Long-Term Effects of PCP PCP is an addictive drug, and its use can lead to the development of psychological dependencies. Abusers of PCP can experience long lasting memory loss, weight loss, brain damage, and depression. In addition, PCP can be stored in the body fat for up to the entire life. This PCP can be released through sweat and trigger a flashback years later. Alzheimer’s Disease Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s Disease is a form of dementia affecting more than one third of those over ninety-five years old. Its effects vary per person and become systematically more extreme as time wears on. Alzheimer’s is currently incurable and impossible to slow, destroying neurons and brain tissue, resulting in loss of memory, judgment, awareness, communication, behavior and capacity for emotion. Changes in personality and loss of initiative are also common symptoms of Alzheimer’s. Causes The causesShow MoreRelatedHallucinogens Pros And Cons1330 Words   |  6 Pageswhat they do to the human brain, and what they can do to the human body. Hallucinogens are drugs that cause false sensory messages and alter the perception of reality. Some of the most popular hallucinogens are LSD, PCP, and MDMA. I will also be talking about the pros and cons of each drug. In this essay, I will talk about if each of the different drugs are legal or illegal and I will explain if I want to keep them legal or illegal. LSD LSD or lysergic acid diethylamide is synthesized from a grainRead MoreIllegal Drugs : Pcp Explored1627 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal Drugs: PCP Explored There are different types of drugs, and they have different reactions in the body. When abused or misused, end results can resemble one of three courses: overdose, shocking responses or reactions, and death. Some illegal drugs, when abused, may present animal-like and/or abnormal behavior. Pot, cocaine, heroin, PCP, speed, mushrooms, and meth are among a long list of illegal drugs. The use of illegal drugs in the United States is considered by some to be the most concerningRead MoreTop 10 Drugs and Their Effects1358 Words   |  6 PagesTop 10 Drugs and Their Effects Drug abuse is a very common problem in most countries so it seemed like a good topic for a list. This is a list of ten of the most abused drugs and the effects they have on people. 1. Heroin Heroin is an opiate processed directly from the extracts of the opium poppy. It was originally created to help cure people of addiction to morphine. Upon crossing the blood-brain barrier, which occurs soon after introduction of the drug into the bloodstream, heroin is convertedRead MoreShould Drugs be Legalized?1187 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation for later use in other drug cases. The main controversy between legalizing drugs is that one side believes it benefits humans bodily and materialistically, but it conflicts with the immense side effects that are dangerous to society and the human mind. Police also must abide by the fourth amendment of no illegal search and seizure, but those against legalization believe that under circumstance that since drugs such as marijuana â€Å"has no medical use and does more harm to the body† Read MoreDrug Testing : A Drug Test1221 Words   |  5 Pagescontinuing. Not until 1991 did they start drug testing on employees who work on aviation, trucking, railroads, mass transit, and pipelines. Today, mostly everywhere you apply for a job a drug test is mandatory. Which is reasonable because if illegal drugs are involved, drug use can affect workplace concentration and judgment which could put the employee at risk. But should a drug test be required only for those in public transportation sector jobs? Although a drug test shows whether if a person has done drugsRead MoreShould Drugs be Legalized?1007 Words   |  4 Pageswrote in the Wall Street Journal: Marijuana is safer than other substances such as nicotine and steroids. Most people who use marijuana have no problem with it. â€Å"The question about legalized drugs is the defining point for a Libertarian. If you are opposed to legalizing all drugs, then you are not a Libertarian, by definition.† Sam Slo an But if we analyze did alcohol use decrease when it was legalized? Answer is No. When abortion became legal, did abortions decrease? No. When an action becomesRead MoreMarijuana Should Not Be Considered as a Lethal Drug973 Words   |  4 Pageslethal. People tend to abuse drugs regardless of their side effects. In many cases government agencies regulate their use. Also there are drugs that are illegal to use, produce and sale. One of those illegal drugs is marijuana. For thousands of years, marijuana has been used to treat a wide variety of sickness. It became illegal in 1937 under The Marijuana Stamp Tax Act. This act prohibits the use, sale and growing of marijuana. It was made illegal because no one understood why smoking marijuana made peopleRead MoreIllegal Drugs1263 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Illegal drugs Illegal drugs are drugs which have controls on them by a government and are illegal in certain situations (a person is not allowed to have them). A drug is any chemical designed to affect the human body. A psychoactive drug is a drug that affects the brain. Some controlled drugs are allowed if you have permission (called a prescription) from a doctor. Other drugs are illegal - meaning you are never allowed to have them. Individual countries and places have different laws about differentRead MoreDrugs And Its Effects On Society955 Words   |  4 Pagessubstance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body this means that everything from coffee to alcohol can be considered a drug. Drugs have been made and used by people since 5000 B.C by the Sumerians. They have had both a positive and negative impact on society, they can help us get over a sickness within a couple of days, however drugs have also been used as a way to get high. Using drugs, no matter if they are illegal or not can have leave you becomingRead MoreThe Legalization and Physical Affects of Marijuana Essay768 Words   |  4 Pagesmarijuana easy to access. Most activists already use pot, they just don’t want to get into trouble for it but they don’t think about the consequences that come with it. First off marijuana is a gateway drug. Studies show that marijuana use often leads to the use of harder drugs. Marijuana contains the chemical THC, which causes smokers to develop a tolerance to its effects and crave a better high. Some weed is even laced with cocaine, PCP, and can contained chemical like formaldehyde. Also

Sunday, December 15, 2019

How the Political Control the Military Free Essays

â€Å"No new taxes. † This is a quote that most all of us remember from the 1992 presidential election. Along with it we remember that there were new taxes during that presidents term in office. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Political Control the Military or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are a myriad of promises made and things done in a presidential election year that have questionable motives as to whether they are done in the best interest of the people or in the interests of the presidential candidate. These hidden interests are one of the biggest problems with the political aspects of government in modern society. One of the prime examples of this is the Vietnam War. Although South Vietnam asked for our help, which we had previously promised, the entire conflict was managed in order to meet personal political agendas and to remain politically correct in the world†s eyes rather than to bring a quick and decisive end to the conflict. This can be seen in the selective bombing of Hanoi throughout the course of the Vietnam War. Politically this strategy looked very good. However, militarily it was ludicrous. War is the one arena in which politicians have no place. War is the military†s sole purpose. Therefore, the U. S. Military should be allowed to conduct any war, conflict, or police action that it has been committed to without political interference or control because of the problems and hidden interests which are always present when dealing with polit United States involvement in the Vietnam War actually began in 1950 when the U. S. began to subsidize the French Army in South Vietnam. This involvement continued to escalate throughout the 1950†³s and into the early 1960†³s. On August 4, 1964 the Gulf of Tonkin incident occurred in which American Naval Vessels in South Vietnamese waters were fired upon by North Vietnam. On August 5, 1964 President Johnson requested a resolution expressing the determination of the United Sates in supporting freedom and in protecting peace in southeast Asia ( Johnson ). On August 7, 1964, in response to the presidential request, Congress authorized President Johnson to take all necessary measures to repel any attack and to prevent aggression against the U. S. n southeast Asia ( United States ). The selective bombing of North Vietnam began immediately in response to this resolution. In March of the following year U. S. troops began to arrive. Although the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution specifically stated that we had no military, political, or territorial ambitions in southeast Asia, the interests back home were quite a different story ( Johnson ). The political involvement in Vietnam was about much more than just promised aid to a weak country in order to prevent the spread of communism. It was about money. After all, wars require equipment, guns, tools and machinery. Most of which was produced in the United States. It was about proving America†s commitment to stop communism. Or rather to confine communism in its present boundaries But most of all it was about politics. The presidential political involvement in Vietnam had little to do with Vietnam at all. It was about China for Eisenhower, about Russia for Kennedy, about Washington D. C. for Johnson, and about himself for Nixon ( Post ). The last two of which were the major players in America†s involvement in regards to U. S. Troops being used ( Wittman ). The military involvement in Vietnam is directly related to the political management of the military throughout the war. The military controlled by the politicians. The micro management of the military by the White House for political gain is the primary reason for both the length and cost, both monetary and human, of the Vietnam War ( Pelland ). One of the largest problems was the lack of a clear objective in the war and the support to accomplish it. The predominant military opinion of the military†s role in Vietnam in respect to the political involvement is seen in the following quote by General Colin Powell, â€Å"If you†re going to put into something then you owe the armed forces, you owe the American People, you owe just you†re own desire to succeed, a clear statement of what political objective you†re trying to achieve and then you put the sufficient force to that objective so that you know when you†ve accomplished it. The politicians dictated the war in Vietnam, it was a limited war, the military was never allowed to fight the war in the manner that they thought that they needed to in order to win it ( Baker ). To conclude on the Vietnam War, the political management of the war made it unwinnable. The military was at the mercy of politicians who knew very little about what needed to be done militarily in order to win the war. There is an enormous difference between political judgment and military judgment. This difference is the primary reason for the outcome of the Vietnam War ( Schwarzkopf ). The Gulf War in the Middle East was almost the exact opposite in respect to the political influence on the war. In respect to the military objective of the war the two are relatively similar. The objective was to liberate a weaker country from their aggressor. The United Nation†s resolution was explicit in its wording regarding military force in the Persian Gulf. The resolution specifically stated â€Å"by all means necessary. â€Å"( Schwarzkopf ). The President was very aware of the problems with political management of warfare throughout the war. He was very determined to let the military call the shots about how the war was conducted. He made a specific effort to prevent the suggestion that civilians were going to try to run the war ( Baker ). Painful lessons had been learned in the Vietnam War, which was still fresh on the minds of many of those involved in this war ( Baker ). The military was given full control to use force as they saw fit. Many of the top military leaders had also been involved in the Vietnam War. These men exhibited a very strong never again attitude throughout the planning stages of this war. General Schwarzkopf made the following statement about the proposed bombing of Iraq in regards to the limited bombing in Vietnam, â€Å"I had no doubt we would bomb Iraq if I was going to be the Military Commander. † He went on to say that it would be absolutely stupid to go into a military campaign against his, Iraq†s, forces who had a tremendous advantage on us on the ground, numbers wise. It would be ludicrous not to fight the war in the air as much, if not more, than on the ground ( Schwarzkopf ). The result of the Gulf War in which the military was given control, as we know, was a quick, decisive victory. There were many other factors involved in this than just the military being given control, particularly in contrast to Vietnam, but the military having control played a major part in this victory. In conclusion, although there are some major differences between the two conflicts one fact can be seen very clearly. That is the fact that the military is best suited for conducting wars. Politicians are not. It is not the place of a politicians to be involved in the decision making process in regards to war or military strategy. The White House has significant control in military matters. That control should be used to help the military in achieving its goals as it was in the Gulf War where George Bush said specifically to let the military do its job. The only alternative to this is to use political influence in the same way that it was used in Vietnam. If we do not learn from these lessons that are so obvious in the differences between these two conflicts then we are condemned to repeat the same mistakes. Lets just pray that it does not take the death of another 58,000 of America†s men to learn that the politicians place is not in war but in peace ( Roush ). How to cite How the Political Control the Military, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Healthcare Ecosystems free essay sample

The first general training school for ___ was opened at the New England Hospital for Women and Children in 1872. a. nurses b. physician assistants c. surgical specialists d. surgeons 5. Modern ___ must have either a two-year associate’s degree or a four- year bachelor’s degree from a state-approved nursing school. a. nurse practitioners b. licensed vocational nurses c. registered nurses d. licensed practical nurses 6. In 1910, Dr. Franklin H. Martin suggested that the surgical area of medical practice needed to become more concerned with ___. a. b. c. d. atient care professional standards patient outcomes nonsurgical medical care 7. Adoption of the Minimum Standards marked the beginning of the modern ___ process for healthcare organizations. a. accreditation b. licensing c. reform d. educational 8. According to the AMA’s definition, ___ incorporates the healthcare- related professions that function to assist, facilitate, and complement the work of physicians and other clinical specialists. a. home health b. nursing care c. We will write a custom essay sample on Healthcare Ecosystems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ambulatory care d. allied health Which ancient civilization developed surgical procedures, documented clinical cases, and created medical books? Greeks Correct! Which organization was established in the mid 1800s, to represent the interests of physicians in the United States? American Medical Association Correct! What organization is the largest standard setting body in the world? Joint Commission Correct! This legislation required hospitals to conduct continued-stay review for Medicare and Medicaid patients. Utilization Review ACt Correct! This type of hospital specializes in providing inpatient care to individuals with mental and developmental orders. Psychiatric Correct! For-profit hospitals use their excess funds to improve their services and fund community services. False Correct! At a hospital or large healthcare facility, this group will select qualified administrators to manage the organization. Board of Directors Correct! Which one of the following is considered a part of administrative support services? Human Resources Correct! Low energy laser, electric stimulation, ultrasound, biofeedback and aquatics treatment are used by which of the following allied health professionals? Physical therapy Correct! In which decade was magnetic resonance imaging first introduced in healthcare? 1980s Correct! This type of statement from an organization expresses intentions, philosophy, and organizational self-image. Vision statement Correct! An empowered staff member has the ability to: Change the work environment when some part of it interferes with the organizational mission Correct! Leader’s in today’s healthcare organizations may reinforce organizational values by doing which one of the following: Listen to the staff Correct! What is a 360Â ° review? A performance evaluation in which peers and colleagues participate Correct! Of these functions that sustain operational infrastructure, where would health informatics best fit? Knowledge Management Correct! In the healthcare organization, operating units are designed around patient-focused care for related disease groups and medical specialties. This is known as: Service Lines Correct! In 2008, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services changed its payment regulations to eliminate payment for hospital-acquired complications. True Correct! The largest single group of healthcare organizations are: Acute Care Hospitals Correct! Which of the following is a system that deliberately monitors the long term relationship between stakeholders of a healthcare organization, and responds to changing needs? Strategic Correct! In what decade was the MRI first introduced? 1980s Correct! Which standard addresses disclosure of health information? Protecting Privacy of Health Information Correct! Which standard addresses the intentional destruction of health information? Security and Integrity of Information Correct! Which standard addresses the monitoring of terminologies used in health information? Collection of health information Correct! Which standard addresses unplanned interruptions of electronic health record systems? Continuity of information Correct! Which standard asks for evidence that there are back up systems in the event of interruptions to electronic information processes? Continuity of information Correct! Which standard addresses flow of data and information within and out of the hospital? Information management planning Correct! Which standard requires evidence that health information is disseminated in a timely manner? Receival and transmission of health information Correct! Which standard addresses acronyms, synonyms, and abbreviations for medication dosage? Collection of health information Correct! Which standard requests evidence of policy implementation pertaining to health information privacy? Protecting Privacy of Health Information Correct! Which standard requests evidence of policy implementation pertaining to unauthorized alteration of health information? Security and Integrity of Information Correct! This type of statement is sent to a patient: it shows how much the provider billed, the amount of the Medicare reimbursement to the provider, and what the patient must pay to the provider. Medicare summary notice Correct! All of these items are ‘packaged’ under the Medicare outpatient prospective payment system, with the exception of one. Medical visits Correct! Which one of these is not a government-sponsored healthcare program? Blue Cross/Blue Shield Correct! Which health insurance plan covers the survivors of military personnel who died in the line of duty? CHAMPVA Correct! This legislation established an employee’s right to continue healthcare coverage beyond their scheduled termination date. COBRA Correct! What is a MS-DRG grouper? A software program that assigns appropriate MS-DRGs Correct! One of these items is not incorporated in the formula for determining fee schedule. Post medical school degrees held by provider Correct! Which uniform data set is used by skilled nursing facilities to gather standardized data? MDS Correct! Which one of the following is not used when calculating for patient severity level, for prospective reimbursement of home health services? Financial Correct! What form must be provided to a patient if there is a concern that Medicare will deny services because it feels the service may be medically unnecessary? ABN